I was 15, when my mother was diagnosed with Stage 4 breast cancer. It was as shocking as it was surreal as I had never seen her suffering from even so much as a fever. I put it to self-taught resilience, and the magic of homeopathy – she was a practitioner.
What made it even more shocking was that it all started with a twisted left ankle, which quickly made her immobile. A few physio sessions later, the orthopaedic surgeon noticed that she had lost voluntary movement in her leg and ordered a few x-rays, including of her chest and pelvic region.
They found shadows in both x-rays. The one in the chest translated to a lump in her breast, which my mother did detect herself as well, and the other, bafflingly, a lack of a bone, as it had been 80 percent obliterated due to cancer, which had spread quite extensively to her spinal cord.
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In a time when mammograms were not common, the ankle injury was the only indication of a life-threatening disease. She had a double mastectomy and went through a series of radio- and chemotherapy sessions. She was given six months to live, but hung on for two-and-a-half out of sheer determination – bedridden and a severely diminished quality of life that was out of her control.
This was in 1988, and she was 54. If only we had been able to detect her cancer early – that thought nags my mind to this day.
At that time, breast cancer was not recognised as that big a threat as it is today. Breast examinations were recommended but not the norm, and mammograms, even less. All that changed very quickly with increased awareness and advancements in medicine. I started slotting in regular breast examinations into my shower routine, as well as with a general practitioner as I was told I fell in the “at risk” category. At 40, I added annual mammograms to that list, the frequency of which became biannual when I turned 50.
These are the recommended installments for these checkups – although, it is best to consult your physician before scheduling any kind of imaging tests.
The test itself is a breeze – you spend less time at the imaging process than you would in the waiting room. The x-ray reminds me of high school physics – it looks like a giant screw gauge. There is just a bit of discomfort — read: No pain — as the breast tissue gets compressed between the x-ray plates, which is why they also recommend that you schedule it at least seven to 10 days after your menstruation cycle to ensure there is no additional tenderness.
While all that imagery serves to alleviate some of the anxieties surrounding such screening, especially where the big “C” is involved.
Valid as the anxiety is, that is precisely the reason one should be regular with their examinations, says Dr Rameysh Danovani, Consultant Radiologist and Medical Director of Specialist Women’s Imaging. “Mammograms have been proven in multiple studies to be able to save people from breast cancer by picking up the cancers early.” Early detection optimises your chances of survival, he adds.
I must admit that I get waiting-room jitters every time – as in my experience, cancer can spring up and surprise you anytime. But I also realise that we live in very different times. As Dr Danovani explains, many women have survived breast cancer and in fact, very well.
An example is my friend Tammy* (not her real name) – she was diagnosed with Stage 1 breast cancer during one of her routine mammograms. Catching it early not only meant increased chances of survival, but she also had more control over her treatment options. Tammy* only needed to have a lumpectomy (partial mastectomy) and was put on a course of chemotherapy. She has been cancer free for the third year and counting. Early detection saved her life and her breasts, which makes all the difference for a woman.
Despite heightened awareness and information on breast cancer screenings, there are still a few myths surrounding mammograms. The fear of radiation exposure being one, and side effects being another common one. Dr Danovani addresses some of the common myths surrounding mammograms in this video.
According to report released by Breast Cancer Foundation (BCF), every day six women in Singapore are diagnosed with breast cancer. While typically a bulk of the cases from that staggering statistics are women above the age of 40 or post-menopausal women, the incidence of breast cancer among women in their 20s and 30s, although rare is nevertheless a sizeable threat. Most of these are diagnosed through breast examinations, as women under the age of 40 are considered too young for routine mammogram screening – unless they notice an odd mutation or growth in their breasts. The reason for this is that the bodies of young women go through a range of hormonal changes in relation to reproduction resulting in dense breast tissue and some misleading lumpy masses.
Getting breast cancer way before attaining menopause need not be a barrier for pregnancy, say medical experts – Christina Applegate being the perfect example. The actress was diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer in 2008 and underwent a double mastectomy — a precautionary measure as she like Angelina Jolie was found to have an inherited BRCA1 mutation. In 2011, cancer-free Applegate gave birth to her daughter Sadie Grace LeNoble – sadly, she is now reportedly battling multiple sclerosis.
Pregnancy can also pose a unique challenge for women, in the form of gestational breast cancer. Seven percent of women under the age of 45 are reported to have been diagnosed with this form of cancer according to KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, with one of the reasons being delayed childbearing.
As always catching it early is key, which can be a challenge as the symptoms can mimic those of pregnancy related bodily changes in the breasts. The good news is that mammogram screening uses a very low dose of radiation, which are not harmful to the foetus – abdominal shields are used.
For every scary statistic on breast cancer, there is a heartwarming story of a survivor, who has beaten the disease and regained control of her life. It is hard to not consider that early detection had a big part to play in this happy ending – it eliminated the nagging “if only” factor.
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